RNA (Ribonucleic Acid) is a fundamental biomolecule that plays a central role in gene expression and regulation. Composed of ribonucleotides linked by phosphodiester bonds, RNA serves multiple biological functions, including coding, decoding, regulation, and catalysis of genetic information. Different classes of RNA, such as messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), ribosomal RNA (rRNA), and non-coding RNAs, contribute to essential cellular processes ranging from protein synthesis to epigenetic control. Due to its critical involvement in molecular biology, RNA research has significant implications in genetics, disease diagnostics, therapeutics, and biotechnology.